Introduction
One of the most critical aspects of modern IT infrastructure is access management—ensuring that users can reach the information and tools necessary for their work, while strictly preventing unauthorized or excessive access. Effective access control is not just a technical issue, but also an organizational and compliance challenge.
Core Principle: Only What's Needed, Only to Those Who Need It
The foundation of access management lies in the principle of least privilege: each user should only have access to the data and functions required for their tasks—and nothing more. This significantly reduces the risks of errors, abuse, or cyberattacks.
Defining Roles and Permissions
The first step is to clearly define permissions and roles. This requires categorizing user types and mapping out workflows—who does what, when, and with what kind of data. Through this analysis, the required permissions become evident and can be grouped into standardized roles that reflect actual business needs.
Assignment, Revocation, and Logging
The assignment and revocation of access rights must be documented—either manually or via automated systems. Equally important is the logging of access events: every login, data query, or modification should be recorded, especially when it involves sensitive information. This not only helps detect misuse or anomalies but also ensures compliance with regulations such as GDPR.
